Course description

1.      differentiates materials, objects, organisms, phenomena, and processes, based on properties or characteristics, such as, prokaryotes and eukaryotes, plant cell and animal cell, diffusion and osmosis, simple and complex tissues, distance and displacement, speed and velocity, balanced and unbalanced forces, elements, compound and mixture, solution, suspension and colloid, isobars and isotopes, etc.

2.      classifies materials, objects, organisms, phenomena, and processes, based on properties or characteristics, such as, classification of plants and animals under various hierarchical sub-groups, natural resources, classification of matter based on their states (solid/liquid/gas) and composition (element/compound/mixture).

3.      plans and conducts investigations or experiments to arrive at and verify the facts, principles, phenomena or to seek answers to queries on their own, such as, how does speed of an object change? How do objects float/ sink when placed on the surface of a liquid? Is there any change in mass when chemical reaction takes place? What is the effect of heat on the state of substances? What is the effect of compression on different states of matter? Where are stomata present in different types of leaves? Where are growing tissues present in plants?

4.      relates processes and phenomena with causes and effects, such as, symptoms with diseases and causal agents, tissues with their functions, production with use of fertilisers, process of evaporation with cooling effect, various processes of separation with the physical and chemical properties of the substances, production of sound with vibrations of source, etc.

5.      explains processes and phenomena, such as, functions of different organelles, spread of diseases and their prevention, effect of force on the state of motion of objects, action and reaction, rotation and revolution of planets and satellites, conservation laws, principle of separation of different gases from air, melting, boiling, freezing, how bats use ultrasonic waves to catch prey, etc.

6.      calculates using the data given, such as, distance, velocity, speed, frequency, work done, number of moles in a given mass of substance, concentration of solution in terms of mass-by-mass percentage of substances, conversion of Celsius scale to Kelvin scale and vice versa, number of neutrons in an atom from atomic number and mass number, speed of sound, kinetic and potential energies of an object, boiling points of liquids to predict the order of their separation from the mixture, etc.

7.      draws labelled diagrams, flow charts, concept maps, graphs, such as, biogeochemical cycles, cell organelles and tissues, human ear, distance-time and speed-time graphs, distribution of electrons in different orbits in an atom, process of distillation and sublimation, etc.

8.      analyses and interprets graphs and figures such as, distance-time and velocity-time graphs, computing distance, speed, acceleration of objects in motion, properties of components of a mixture to identify the appropriate method of separation, crop yield after using fertilisers.

9.      uses scientific conventions, symbols, and equations to represent various quantities, elements, and units, such as, SI units, symbols of elements, formulae of simple compounds, chemical equations, etc.

10.   measures physical quantities using appropriate apparatus, instruments, and devices, such as, weight and mass of an object using spring balance, mass using a physical balance, time period of a simple pendulum, volume of liquid using measuring cylinder, temperature using thermometer, etc.

11.   applies learning to hypothetical situations, such as, weight of an object at moon, weight of an object at equator and poles, possibility of life on other planets, etc.

12.    applies scientific concepts in daily life and solving problems, such as, separation of mixtures, uses safety belts in automobiles, covers walls of large rooms with sound absorbent material, follows intercropping and crop rotation, takes preventive measures to control disease causing agents, etc.

13.   derives formulae, equations, and laws, such as, mathematical expressions for Newton’s second law of motion, law of conservation of momentum, expression for force of gravity, equations of motion from velocity-time graphs, etc.

14.   draws conclusion, such as, classification of life forms is related to evolution, deficiency of nutrients affects physiological processes in plants, matter is made up of particles, elements combine chemically in a fixed ratio to form compounds, effect of action and reaction on two different bodies, etc.

15.   designs models using eco-friendly resources, such as, 3D model of a cell, water purification system, stethoscope, etc.

16.   exhibits values of honesty, objectivity, rational thinking, freedom from myths, superstitious beliefs while taking decisions, respect for life, etc., such as, records and reports experimental data exactly, myth that sexually transmitted diseases are spread by casual physical contact, belief that vaccination is not important for prevention of diseases, etc.

17.   communicates the findings and conclusions effectively, such as, those derived from experiments, activities, and projects both in oral and written form using appropriate figures, tables, graphs, and digital forms, etc. applies the interdependency and interrelationship in the biotic and abiotic factors of environment to promote conservation of environment, such as, organic farming, waste management, etc.

18.   describes scientific discoveries and inventions, such as, discovery of various atomic models, discovery of cell with invention of microscope, experiments of Lavoisier and Priestley, beliefs regarding motion, discovery of real cause for peptic ulcers, Archimedes principle, classification.

What will i learn?